Development and configuration of a GNSS KIT for temporary and semi-permanent geodetic networks

Abstract

This technical report presents the development of a KIT designed to be ready-to-use and available in the laboratory for field activities, research, and monitoring. The KIT is well-suited for use in various types of measurement campaigns with different kinds of instruments, requiring only minor modifications about installed sensors. Specifically, this volume introduces a KIT intended for semi-permanent stations, particularly for use in control networks aimed at discontinuous deformation monitoring [Galvani et al., 2023]. The target is to create a practical and versatile GNSS set, easy to use during geodetic measurement campaigns on discrete networks, already present throughout the entire Italian territory and therefore subject to different working conditions. Particular attention has been given to the power supply, primarily photovoltaic, and to data transmission. The latter is essential nowadays both for real-time data transfer and for remote control of the instrumentation. This work is the result of experience gained over the last 30 years, starting from the first GPS measurement campaigns in the 1990s when non-permanent networks, for example the CAGeoNet [Anzidei et al.,2008] were the only infrastructure available. Currently, these networks, characterized by closely spaced measurement vertices (<10 km) compared to permanent networks such as Rete Integrata Nazionale GPS (RING [Avallone et al., 2010]), can be leveraged to densify measurements, reducing the interpolation distances in data processing and improving the resolution of both co-seismic and inter-seismic surface deformations [Anzidei et al., 2009; Carafa and Bird, 2016; Carafa et al., 2020]. The GNSS KIT described in this technical report are currently...